需要APS证书 Preliminary Documentation (VPD) if the qualification for graduate studies (e.g. a bachelor's) is obtained outside the EU/EEA 如何申请VPD链接：https://www.tum.de/en/studies/application/uni-assist/ Essay: This essay is a text you write yourself. Any references to the work of others used in your work must be duly cited. For further information on the form, length, topics and the language (German or English) visit the homepage of your TUM school or department.